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Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Glavni Urednik - Broj odgovora: 17






Nutritivna terapija u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika, iznimno je bitna i neodvojiva cjelina njihova liječenja, što se često zaboravlja. Od presudne je važnosti postaviti optimalne ciljeve nutritivne potpore bolesnika. Ti ciljevi su: ocjena i periodično praćenje stanja uhranjenosti, kalorijskog unosa, zastupljenosti makronutrijenata i mikronutrijenata u prehrani te prilagodba dijete bolesnicima s određenim nuspojavama liječenja.


Pothranjenost je veliki problem onkoloških bolesnika. Sama pothranjenost nije nužno produkt onkološke bolesti. Kako bi se racionalno pomoglo bolesniku, treba racionalno tragati za nutrijentima koji su u deficitu. Nutritivna terapija zahtjeva multidisciplinaran pristup, ranu i periodičnu provjeru nutritivnog statusa, usko je povezana s rastom tumora i ishodima liječenja tumora, a nužno ju je započeti čim prije.


Ocjena stanja uhranjenosti prva je faza nutritivne terapije. Izvode se standardna antropometrijska mjerenja (tjelesna visina, težina, BMI), mjeri se obujam nadlaktice te se primjenjuju jednostavni validirani upitnici (NRS 2002, SGA). Na osnovu stanja uhranjenosti prilagođava se kalorijski unos kod pacijenata. Kod bolesnika s malnutricijom i gubitkom tjelesne mase dnevni energetski unos mora se povećati i iznosi oko 30-35 kcal/kg TM/dan. Kod bolesnika s prekomjernom tjelesnom masom i pretilih potrebna je kalorijska restrikcija. Makronutrijenti na koje treba obratiti pozornost su ugljikohidrati, proteini i masti. Inzulinska rezistencija obično je umjerena u ranom stadiju, a u kasnijim stadijima je jače izražena. Pacijenti bi trebali izbjegavati složene i rafinirane ugljikohidrate, a birati namirnice poput heljdinog i kukuruznog brašna i krumpira. Proteini su najvažnija skupina makronutrijenata i na njih treba obratiti posebnu pažnju. Pravilan unos aminokiselina iznosi 1-2/kg TM/dan, naročito treba obratiti pozornost na arginin i cistein. Karakteristično je da pacijenti brzo gube mišićne proteine. S toga treba povećati unos puretine, ribe, piletine, jaja dok mlijeka i mliječne proizvode treba svesti na minimum zbog povećanja kiselosti. Također povećava se lipoliza i oksidacija masnih kiselina. Trebalo bi izbjegavati životinjske masnoće, a dati prednost nezasićenim masnim kiselinama, naročito omega-3-masnim kiselinama, EPA i DHA kiselinama, koje sve odreda blokiraju citokinsku aktivnost. Treba povećati i unose nekih mikronutrijenata zbog njihove uloge u metaboličkim procesima, ali i zbog antioksidanskih svojstava nekih od njih. Beta karoten, vitamin C, vitamin E, selen, katehini, likopen i kvercentin mogu se pronaći u mrkvi, agrumima, maslinovom i repičinom ulju, brazilskim orasima, tamnoj čokoladi, rajčici, luku i brojnim drugim namirnicama, a svaki od njih može biti od pomoći za neke vrste raka.


Naposljetku pacijentima sa specifičnim komplikacijama liječenja poput suhih usta treba prilagoditi prehranu tako da im se umjesto suhomesnatih proizvoda i mesa bez umaka, daje meso, perad i riba u juhama, varivima i umacima. Također pacijentima s upalom grla trebalo bi dati mekano voće i povrće koje nije kiselo umjesto agruma i sirovog povrća. Sve ovo su sitnice koje mogu neizmjerno povećati kvalitetu liječenja bolesnika ako se primjene pravovremeno i na pravi način.



Odgovor na Glavni Urednik

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Jelly Bean -
You've raised a vital point—nutritional therapy is often overlooked but plays a pivotal role in the overall treatment of oncological patients. Addressing malnutrition early through comprehensive and consistent monitoring not only supports the patient’s well-being but can significantly impact treatment success and recovery outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach is key here, ensuring each aspect of the patient's nutrition is tailored and adapted throughout the treatment journey.

Interestingly, this concept of a tailored and visually impactful approach parallels how creators approach fantasy book cover design. Just as nutritional therapy must be customized to suit individual needs, a fantasy book cover must be uniquely designed to reflect the world within its pages—striking a balance between creative vision and reader appeal. In both fields, attention to detail, expert collaboration, and early planning make all the difference in achieving meaningful results.
Odgovor na Glavni Urednik

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Olivia Naylor -
This article highlights how crucial proper nutritional therapy is for cancer patients, showing that even small adjustments in diet can significantly impact treatment outcomes. It made me think about how important it is to choose the right supplements and nutrition products to support patients effectively. For anyone looking for reliable recommendations before buying, I always check the best product review sites uk to find verified reviews and ensure that the products I choose are both safe and effective.
Odgovor na Olivia Naylor

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Kenna Morgan -
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Odgovor na Kenna Morgan

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la geet kaur -
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Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

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Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

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Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Bridg Viddle -
Nutritional therapy requires a multidisciplinary approach, addressing deficits early. Assessing nutritional status guides calorie adjustments; malnourished patients need increased intake. Focus on complex carbs, prioritize proteins like turkey and fish, and favor unsaturated fats. It's like navigating a complex level in Moto X3M; precision and the right choices are key to overcoming obstacles. Careful planning and micronutrient intake is just as vital.
Odgovor na Glavni Urednik

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Martin Emmaa -
I think ,nutritional therapy plays a very important role in the treatment of oncological patients. Proper nutrition not only helps maintain physical strength but also reduces the side effects of treatment., As a student, I feel that just like we learn through CIPD assignment writing help, proper dietary guidance is also essential for better understanding and recovery.
Odgovor na Martin Emmaa

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Sahneva SAHNEVA -
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Odgovor na Glavni Urednik

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Grace Davidson -

This is a really important topic. Nutritional therapy is often overlooked in cancer treatment, but it sounds like it can make a huge difference in patient outcomes. It's interesting how the article highlights the importance of individualizing the dietary approach based on the patient's specific needs and cancer stage. Reminds me of how crucial it is to adjust your strategy in games like Snow Rider 3D based on the level and obstacles! Getting the right "nutrients" (or power-ups!) at the right time is essential, just like getting the right nutrients for cancer patients.



Odgovor na Glavni Urednik

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la William Duffy -
This Fnaf diet info is actually super insightful! It's like how in the games, you need to understand each animatronic's behavior to survive. Here, it’s about understanding what your body needs. Focusing on specific nutrients and avoiding others, like those refined carbs, makes perfect sense for health.
Odgovor na Glavni Urednik

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Brian Sheppard -
This is a vital reminder about the power of nutrition in cancer care. It's often overlooked, but establishing optimal dietary goals and monitoring nutrient intake can truly make a difference in treatment outcomes. Malnutrition is a big challenge, so understanding which nutrients are deficient is key. Just like strategically clearing blocks in Block Blast , a multidisciplinary approach ensures comprehensive support, improving quality of life for patients.
Odgovor na Brian Sheppard

Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la Barnaby Smith -
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Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

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Re: Značaj nutritivne terapije u liječenju onkoloških bolesnika

napisao/la IrvingM Elders -

This is a fantastic discussion about the critical role of nutritional therapy in oncology! It's so true how often it's overlooked, yet its impact on a patient's well-being is immense. Focusing on individualized nutrition, from calorie intake to micronutrients, seems like a game-changer. It reminds me that optimizing every aspect of health, even the seemingly small ones, can make a huge difference. Like trying to master a challenging level in geometry dash lite – every detail counts!



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